Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that seeps into homes through cracks and openings in the foundation. Though invisible and odorless, prolonged exposure to high radon levels can pose serious health risks, including an increased chance of developing lung cancer. Fortunately, there are proven methods for reducing radon levels and ensuring a safe living environment for you and your family.
If a radon test in your home shows levels above the EPA’s recommended threshold of 4 picocuries per liter (pCi/L), it’s time to take action. Radon mitigation doesn’t have to be complicated, but it does require a strategic approach tailored to your home’s layout and foundation type.
Sub-Slab Depressurization (SSD)
One of the most effective and commonly used radon mitigation techniques is sub-slab depressurization. This method involves drilling a hole through the basement or slab foundation to insert a vent pipe that extends upward and outside, typically above the roofline. A fan is installed in the system to draw radon gas from beneath the foundation and safely vent it outdoors.
This technique works by preventing radon from entering the home and redirecting it to a point where it dissipates harmlessly into the atmosphere. SSD systems are ideal for homes with concrete slab basements or crawl spaces with a sealed floor.
Crawl Space Ventilation
For homes with crawl spaces, improving ventilation can be an effective strategy. Installing vents or a fan system can reduce radon levels by diluting the gas concentration and preventing it from accumulating in living areas.
Another option is to install a vapor barrier over the exposed soil in the crawl space. This is then combined with a venting system, essentially converting the crawl space into a sealed area similar to a slab, allowing for depressurization methods to be used effectively.
Sump Pump Pit Sealing
If your home has a sump pump, it may also be a potential entry point for radon. Properly sealing the sump pit is crucial to prevent radon from escaping into the basement. In many cases, the sump can even be integrated into a radon mitigation system, using it as a draw point to collect and vent radon-laden air from beneath the foundation.
Block Wall Suction
In homes with hollow concrete block foundations, block wall suction may be necessary. This technique involves drawing radon gas from the cavities inside the block walls and venting it outside, similar to sub-slab systems. It can be used alone or in combination with other mitigation strategies for better results.
Passive vs. Active Mitigation Systems
Passive radon mitigation systems use natural air pressure differences to move radon from the home without a fan. These are usually installed during new home construction. Active systems, on the other hand, include a continuously running fan to enhance the effectiveness of the system. While passive systems can help, active mitigation is generally far more reliable in reducing radon to acceptable levels in existing homes.
When to Call a Professional
While some aspects of radon mitigation can be handled by knowledgeable homeowners, most mitigation efforts require specialized tools and experience. Consulting a radon specialist ensures the chosen method is effective and installed correctly, especially when dealing with high radon levels or complex foundation layouts.
Radon mitigation is a critical step toward protecting your family’s health, particularly if you live in an area with known radon presence. By understanding and applying the right techniques—such as sub-slab depressurization, crawl space sealing, and active venting systems—you can significantly reduce radon levels in your home. If you haven’t tested your home yet or suspect elevated radon levels, don’t wait—taking action today could make a lasting difference for your household’s safety.